SAIMSARA Journal

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Menopausal and Climacteric Symptoms, Risk Factors, and Treatment Options: Scoping Review with ☸️SAIMSARA

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Longevity & Public Health

Issue 2, Volume 1, 2026

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DOI: 10.62487/saimsaraae05ff68

Editorial note
• Last update: 2026-06-22 13:35:43
What is this paper about
Climacteric symptoms extend far beyond hot flushes, affecting sleep, mood, cognition, sexual health, work ability, and overall quality of life across the menopausal transition. The full review reveals which hormonal, non-hormonal, botanical, behavioral, and device-based treatments show the most meaningful benefits—and how treatment should be matched to each woman’s symptoms, risks, and clinical context.
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Abstract: To map and synthesize the original research evidence on climacteric symptoms, emphasizing symptom patterns, associated factors, clinical implications, and intervention signals across the menopausal transition, postmenopause, surgical or treatment-induced menopause, and relevant special populations. The review uses 746 references and builds its evidence map from 1173 original studies with 1962044 total participants/sample observations (topic-deduplicated ΣN). This scoping review indicates that climacteric symptoms are best understood as a multidomain, biopsychosocial cluster—spanning vasomotor, sleep, and psychological complaints—that intensifies across the menopausal transition and postmenopause rather than as isolated hot flushes. Hormone therapy was the most consistently represented effective option, particularly for vasomotor symptoms, while nonhormonal pharmacologic, behavioral, and botanical approaches showed more variable signals across populations. Symptom severity was repeatedly associated with modifiable and contextual factors including higher body mass index, depression and anxiety, poor sleep, and work-related stress. These patterns support individualized, multidomain assessment and treatment selection guided by symptom profile, comorbidity, and safety context, including tailored care for cancer survivors and surgical-menopause populations. Because the evidence rests on heterogeneous designs and direction-of-effect mapping without formal appraisal, future harmonized longitudinal and comparative trials with shared endpoints are needed to clarify which interventions work best for whom.

Keywords: Climacteric symptoms; Menopause; Perimenopause; Postmenopause; Vasomotor symptoms; Sleep quality; Quality of life; Hormone therapy; Psychological symptoms; Menopause Rating Scale

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Reference Index (746)

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