SAIMSARA Journal

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COVID-19 Vaccine and Complications: Scoping Review with ☸️SAIMSARA.

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Issue 2, Volume 1, 2026

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• Last update: 2026-03-23 21:17:02
What is this paper about
This review maps a large clinical evidence base showing that COVID-19 vaccines were generally linked to a strong safety-benefit balance: serious complications such as myocarditis and VITT were rare, while protection against severe COVID-19 outcomes and death remained substantial. Read the full paper to see which risks were truly recurrent, which populations were most vulnerable, and how the balance differed by vaccine platform, age, pregnancy, chronic disease, and immunocompromised status.
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DOI: 10.62487/saimsara04bd8801

Abstract: To synthesize clinical evidence regarding the spectrum of complications associated with COVID-19 vaccination, evaluate vaccine effectiveness in preventing severe disease, and identify factors influencing vaccine hesitancy across diverse global cohorts. The review utilises 390 original studies with 2528773 total participants (topic deduplicated ΣN). The evidence map suggests that COVID-19 vaccination is associated with a predominantly favorable safety-benefit profile, with serious complications remaining rare and myocarditis reported at 4.96-7.64 per million doses while protection against COVID-19-related mortality reached 90.7%-97.7% in key cohorts. Across the dominant topic clusters, most adverse events were mild and self-limiting, whereas the clearest recurrent serious signals were platform- and population-specific, particularly myocarditis/pericarditis after mRNA vaccines in younger males and VITT after adenoviral-vector vaccines. The broader evidence pattern also indicates that vaccination was generally safe in pregnancy, chronic disease populations, and many immunocompromised groups, while breakthrough-risk and attenuated immune responses in transplant and other vulnerable populations support continued emphasis on booster strategies rather than retreat from vaccination. Clinically, these findings support targeted vigilance for chest pain syndromes after mRNA vaccination and urgent recognition of thrombocytopenia-thrombosis presentations after adenoviral products, while reinforcing that the risk of severe COVID-19 complications generally exceeds the risk of vaccine-related harm. Because much of the rare-complication literature remains based on heterogeneous observational data and case-level reports, the next priority is large prospective, standardized, platform-specific follow-up studies that can better define long-term outcomes, susceptible subgroups, and mechanisms underlying uncommon immune-mediated events.

Keywords: Vaccine hesitancy; Adverse events; Myocarditis; Vaccine-induced immune thrombocytopenia; Autoimmune complications; Neurological symptoms; Pregnancy outcomes; mRNA vaccines; Chronic conditions; Subacute thyroiditis

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