Deep Vein Thrombosis Risk Factors: Scoping Review with ☸️SAIMSARA.

Name: SAIMSARA Evidence Object vascular::DVT_RISK_FACTORS_SS
Creator: SAIMSARA
License: https://saimsara.com/license/

SAIMSARA

doi:10.62487/saimsara05326f98

SAIMSARA Journal

Machine-Readable Science • ISSN 3054-3991

Deep Vein Thrombosis Risk Factors: Scoping Review with ☸️SAIMSARA.

Cardiac & Vascular Health

Issue 1, Volume 1, 2026

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DOI: 10.62487/saimsara05326f98

Editorial note

• Last update: 2026-05-02 09:45:09

What is this paper about

Deep vein thrombosis is not one disease trigger, but a convergence of risk: genes, cancer, surgery, catheters, hormones, infection, inflammation, and immobility can all push the body toward clot formation. This review maps where the strongest danger signals appear — from COVID-19 and oral contraceptives to cancer care and inherited thrombophilia — and shows why modern DVT prevention must be personalized rather than one-size-fits-all.

Human-verified editorial review Verified by World ID proof-of-human. This editorial layer was submitted from a SAIMSARA account verified as a unique human.

Abstract: The aim of this review is to synthesize evidence regarding the multi-dimensional risk factors, diagnostic biomarkers, and prophylactic strategies for deep venous thrombosis (DVT) across surgical, medical, and genetic contexts. The review includes 107 cited references and is built on 105 original studies with 441130 total participants (topic-deduplicated ΣN). The mapped evidence indicates that DVT emerges from a convergence of inherited thrombophilia, acute systemic triggers, and iatrogenic exposures, with a particularly prominent signal for coronavirus disease 2019, where DVT was reported in 58% of an autopsy cohort, and for hormonal contraception, where current users showed an odds ratio of 5.0 versus non-users with further elevation for drospirenone-containing formulations. Cancer-associated thrombosis, major orthopedic surgery, critical illness, and central venous access devices recurred as dominant high-risk settings, with peripherally inserted central catheters causing substantially more catheter-related DVT than implanted ports (8% vs 1%). Inherited contributors including factor V Leiden, the prothrombin G20210A mutation, protein C deficiency, and elevated factors IX and XI were consistently associated with venous thrombosis risk, while mean platelet volume and D-dimer recurred as accessible hematological signals supporting risk stratification. Mechanistic studies highlight neutrophil extracellular traps, platelet–monocyte cooperation, and platelet-derived high-mobility group box 1 as biologically plausible drivers linking inflammation to thrombosis. Clinically, these signals support individualized prophylaxis decisions that integrate genetic background, contraceptive choice, device selection, and inflammatory context rather than relying on uniform protocols, while acknowledging that the heterogeneous and partly dated evidence base limits firm comparative conclusions. Future research should prioritize prospective, multi-ethnic studies that jointly evaluate genetic, inflammatory, and device-related risk factors and that clarify optimal prophylaxis in upper-extremity DVT, superficial-to-deep thrombosis progression, and coronavirus disease 2019–associated hypercoagulability.

Keywords: Deep venous thrombosis; Risk factors; Venous thromboembolism; COVID-19; Pulmonary embolism; D-dimer; Factor V Leiden; Post-thrombotic syndrome; Neutrophil extracellular traps; Thromboprophylaxis

Review Stats

Final search date and database lock: 2026-05-02 02:11:38 CEST
Plan: Pro (expanded craft tokens; source: Semantic Scholar)
Source: Semantic Scholar
Total Abstracts/Papers: 127176
Downloaded Abstracts/Papers: 1000
Included original and non-original Abstracts/Papers (all): 295
Included original Abstracts/Papers (Vote counting by direction of effect): 105
Reference Index (links used in paper): 107
Total participants (topic deduplicated ΣN): 441130

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Reference Index (106)

[1] Deep Venous Thrombosis — https://doi.org/10.7326/aitc202209200
[2] Neutrophil extracellular traps mediate deep vein thrombosis: from mechanism to therapy — https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1198952
[3] DEEP VENOUS THROMBOSIS — https://doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2016.23.01.757
[4] Cerebral Venous Thrombosis Associated with COVID-19 — https://doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.a6644
[5] Venous thrombosis and arteriosclerosis obliterans of lower extremities in a very severe patient with 2019 novel coronavirus disease: a case report — https://doi.org/10.1007/s11239-020-02084-w
[6] Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Arterial and Venous Thrombosis — https://doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1677040
[7] Central venous catheters and upper extremity deep vein thrombosis in medical inpatients: the Medical Inpatients and Thrombosis (MITH) Study — https://doi.org/10.1111/jth.13131
[8] Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis in COVID-19 Infection: A Case Series and Review of The Literature — https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2020.105434

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