This paper shows that GLP-1 receptor agonists are no longer just metabolic drugs: across a broad evidence base, they emerge as cardioprotective therapies linked to lower MACE, stroke, mortality, and even limb events, with signals extending from atherosclerosis to heart failure and vascular biology. The full paper is worth reading because it distinguishes where the cardiovascular benefit is strongest, where arrhythmic and perioperative uncertainties remain, and why underuse in real-world practice may be limiting their true impact.
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[42], [351], and [1150] were available only as preprints at the time of database lock and had not yet undergone peer review.
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Abstract: To synthesize contemporary research findings regarding the impact of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists on cardiovascular outcomes, including major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), heart failure, arrhythmias, and peripheral vascular health across diverse clinical populations. The review utilises 948 original studies with 24310384 total participants (topic deduplicated ΣN). The mapped evidence indicates that GLP-1 receptor agonists are associated with consistent reductions in MACE, cardiovascular mortality, and stroke across type 2 diabetes, obesity, and established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease populations, with representative hazard ratios as low as 0.466 in high-risk atherosclerotic cohorts and 26% to 42% reductions in ischemic stroke risk. Dominant topic signals support anti-atherosclerotic, anti-inflammatory, endothelial, and lipid-handling mechanisms, alongside emerging benefits in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, peripheral artery disease, chronic kidney disease, and post-myocardial infarction secondary prevention. The evidence map also highlights important heterogeneity, including mixed atrial fibrillation findings, uncertain perioperative cardioprotection, chronotropic effects, and persistent prescribing gaps with uptake often below 10% to 20% despite guideline-supported indications. Clinically, these findings support integration of GLP-1 receptor agonists into multidisciplinary cardiorenal pathways, with pharmacist- and cardiology-led programs showing improved evidence-based prescribing. Overall, the synthesis suggests a broad cardioprotective signal that extends beyond glycemic control, tempered by disparities in access and unresolved arrhythmic and perioperative questions. Future research should prioritize randomized confirmation of benefit in non-diabetic peripheral artery disease, dual-agonist hemodynamic safety, perioperative arrhythmia prevention, and equitable implementation strategies to close observed racial, socioeconomic, and age-related access gaps.
Final search date and database lock: 2026-04-21 22:26:03 CEST
Plan: Pro (expanded craft tokens; source: Europe PMC)
Source: Europe PMC
Total Abstracts/Papers: 25590
Downloaded Abstracts/Papers: 23050
Included original and non-original Abstracts/Papers (all): 3301
Included original Abstracts/Papers (Vote counting by direction of effect): 948
Reference Index (links used in paper): 155
Total participants (topic deduplicated ΣN): 24310384
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[652] Effect of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists on vascular risk factors among adults with type 2 diabetes and established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. — https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajpc.2024.100922
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[720] Type 2 diabetes disease and management patterns across a large, diverse healthcare system: Issues and opportunities for guideline-directed therapies. — https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2025.01.003
[730] Long-term prognostic impact of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist before ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction in patients with type 2 diabetes: a nationwide cohort study. — https://doi.org/10.1186/s12933-024-02548-w
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[869] Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist use is associated with reduced risk of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in women with type 2 diabetes: A nationwide nested case-control study. — https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resplu.2024.100821
[875] Effect of a 3-Week Treatment with GLP-1 Receptor Agonists on Vasoactive Hormones in Euvolemic Participants. — https://doi.org/10.1210/clinem/dgac063
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[915] Liraglutide Therapy in Obese Patients Alters Macrophage Phenotype and Decreases Their Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Release and Oxidative Stress Markers-A Pilot Study. — https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo14100554
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[2855] Liraglutide Increases the Catabolism of Apolipoprotein B100-Containing Lipoproteins in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Reduces Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type 9 Expression. — https://doi.org/10.2337/dc20-1843
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